Before doing surgery on the OS, try
cleaning the connectors first. It's unlikely that all of the USB drivers went ...ah... tango uniform at the same time. Use something like CRC's contact cleaner on the USB devices' connectors and the laptop's
ports. If all of the devices, or at least things like portable memory, keyboard, mouse,
work on other machines but tank on your machine, it may also be... hate to say this... that the USB controller itself has gone tango uniform. Depending on the situation, you might get help with warranty support or... um, er, wellllll... you may be in the market for a new laptop.
As to the drivers, a simple
repair session (start from Device Manager's USB section) should restore them but I doubt that's the problem (i.e., drivers corrupted) since it appears all devices have the problem and, you infer, they are failed at the same time. Sorry, but that all says "bad USB controller".
But... that's all based on sketchy information - please, more detail about what went wrong, when did it go wrong, and what was happening at the time.