From a conversation with a harbor pilot:
Deck level lights are MUCH easier to see in the harbor when looking down against the dark
water.
Masthead tricolor lights are MUCH easier to see
offshore where
deck level lights get
lost between waves.
Best Solution for a boat under sail: Deck Level lights with a Red over Green all-round masthead combination indicating a boat under sail. You have high up lights over the waves, and low level light against the
water.
In the "old days" the red over green was reserved for large boats because if you used them you had a minimum of 4, and likely 5, light bulbs drawing
power. With modern LEDs the
power use is not a concern. We should see a lot more vessels lit this way.
Of course the average boat driver has no idea what lights to use anyway. The reigning strategy seems to be turn everything on and the other boat will figure it out.
It's amazing to me the number of catamarans delivered with ONLY a tricolor and a steaming light making it impossible to properly light the boat under power. Despite this, they still get a seaworthiness cert from the EU???? How's that
work?