You open a big book with your question(s). But first: Welcome in the forum... and welcome in the world of Sailing. I have my doubts, that here you find "fishing specialists" as this is another idea you are pregnant with.
So basically only some few impulses... it would need to fill 3-4
books to answer your questions correctly and fully.
So first: Boat building generally follows the requirements of...
- use (fishing, pleasure sailing, racing/regatta, distance of routes, infrastructure (water reserves etc.), size of crew, skills of crew...)
- water area (sea, lakes, rivers, ice regions/ice free regions, tidal waters etc. ....)
- weather (light wind, heavy storm, steadily winds)
- law (harbour law, river law, coastal law, high seas/offshore)
- materials (wood, steel, epoxy, aluminium) and boat building skills
- maritime culture and history (e.g. boat building tradition)
As we live in 21st century, that means via
Internet we can find for every kind of use, for every kind of
water area, for every kind of
weather the adequate boat. Not overprized... as the boat market is down completly.
To give you a clear answer: For the mix of use (inshore, offshore/coastal),
fishing + living on board...
there does not exist the perfect boat. Impossible.
Another aspect... staying on a boat, e.g. for pleasure sailing on Sunday afternoon,
day sailing, over weekend or longer trips requires first a rethinking of the required "
safetyness system" of a boat. More longer you stay on a boat, e.g. living on it... more urgent is the safetyness aspect.
Safetyness on the
water is not just
equipment, like life rafts, life belts,
marine VHF with
AIS,
Radar, lights,
pump sytems and lots of more...
Saftyness means everything (under given law of sea); it starts from the size of crew (a tall ship needs 10, 20 people while a dinghi can be sailed solo), the required skills (e.g. high seas
navigation, terrestric
navigation on coast), the technical
equipment for
weather navigation (e.g. receiving weather datas) to routing planning (e.g.
GPS, chart plotter),
winch systems, different anchors for
anchor grounds (sand, gras, rocks), rigg systems etc. etc. etc. etc.
There have been written
books about all the different segments. For many years to read and study. Sailing is "life time sport". One never stops to learn.
Last aspect for safetyness is the so called "
seaworthyness". Even on a lake you can have heavy storm with 10
beaufort... or bigger waves of 2-2.5 meters (depending on the size of the lake). Even on lakes boats
capsize and people are drowned...
The
rigging and sail plan are very relevant for seaworthyness... and the
hull structure and design - hand in hand with the
rigging - define the sea area you can go. A good
hull can have a bad rig, then the boat is bad. A boat can have an excellent rig with good
sails, but the hull is badly designe... then the boat is bad and a risk for everybody on board. Eventually it can be a deadly trap.
There is not just inshore and
offshore... e.g.
offshore has 3 areas, coastal areas (regularly within 1.5-3 nautical mile zone), coastal area which can expand to 10-12 miles as "land masses" can have heavily influence onto local weather conditions/phenomeons and high seas (e.g. crossing oceans).
As you are a very beginner, I only can suggest you: take 2-3 years time to learn all what I am talking about (Rec.: I started sailing in the 70th).
1st: Go through the sailing education which in most countries is excellently, e.g. follow the methods of RYA (Royal yacht associatoin) which offers an educational form on a very professionally level.
There is a lot to learn.... regularly one begins with
dinghy sailing on lakes, rivers, bays.... to learn the basics, in theory and practially.
From there you participate in crew sailing during smaller coastal trips, e.g. first starting as normal crew
member, later you overtake higher positions, e.g. Watch
captain (leading a watch), navigator, co-skipper and as soon you are qualified then becoming
skipper with fully responsabilty.
Clearly there is one aspect on boats: You participate - even on a pleasure yacht - within the
commercial shipping business/traffic.. under the strict eyes of
(Inter-)National Sea Law. There is no mercy only because you are sailing a 10 meter boat as hobby
fisher. Generally same rules as for a
captain of a 8000 Container big Cargo vessel.
Learn traditional seamanship, first... from A to Z... and step by step you expand into bigger sea areas, bigger boats, complexe riggs with demanding sail plans. It needs time you digest all... intellectually and emotionally... as you need to know all later instinctively (e.g. sailing during night).
I think, you can wait to answer your question for now... take 2-3 years... become
member in a sailing club. There they have different boats, good sail instructors (on my own I am certified sail instructor of a National Sailing Associatoin)... and go through a good qualification.
Collecting first experiences gives you the chance to find out the way of life style on a boat... a boat is not just a boat (see top differenciation). Over the time you will learn to maintain an
engine,
repair electrics,
sails, rigg too... which is urgent to survive on your own boat.
And you will need to be a good economist. Boat equipments (not only the boat itself) are expensive toys.... after
buying a boat, you can calculate another 100% at least of the sales prize over next 10 years to keep your boat in top shape (same to guarantee your surviving on sea).
Meanwhile - while
learning sailng from A-Z - you can do your "fishing job" on other fishing boats... captains mostly need good "decks hands" so you can volunteer and learn from the experienced ones, same on "fisher boats" (under sails9 and on pure sailing boats (for living). So I like to suggest you.
There is a lot to learn you wont become a dangerous threat for other boats... sadly we have seen (and nearby weekly we see) too many skippers with low experiences
lost their boats, and their lifes.
The sea can be brutal not showing any mercy with an abolsute beginner !
Good luck ! Happy & Safe Sailing !
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