Low water flow through a frozen seacock is a serious problem. You should fix the valve or replace it. The pressure of sea water at the
hull fitting is minimal and the valve can be removed without risk of sinking. Just make a
plug out of
wood for the opening and insert it when you unscrew the valve. If you run seawater into the
bilge, put some seawater active detergent in with it so you do not grease up your bilge by
flushing out under the engine. Also, the discharge of
oil from your
bilge pump could get you a huge fine so use a lot of Joy.
Marine growth is more likely than an impeller to be slowing water flow. If you have plugging from
marine growth, you can rod it out when you unscrew the valve unless there is an external strainer but even then running a big screwdriver around in the pipe will get rid of most of the marine growth (and deposit it in your boat). Your
cooling water inlet should have a filter on it. You need to make sure the hoses are clear and the filter is clean. If you want to change the impeller make sure you inspect the inside of the pump body. If the pump body is scored or very worn, you may have to replace the whole unit. A new impeller is not always the answer. Be sure you also check the lines leading out of the pump to make sure some clams or whatnot have not plugged them. There are specifications for how much water the pump should pump, get a bucket and catch the
exhaust outflow for a measured minute.
This is the only way to actually measure the pump output. Make sure you do this test at the
RPM the engine manual specifies both before and after undertaking
repairs. Good luck. As usual, nothing haywire on a boat is simple.