Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)

[GordMay]

Originally Posted by newhaul

February thru November.
And yes at times the Thanksgiving and Christmas dinner conversation is interesting ...

OOPS that's what I intended; but I was typing whilst talking on the phone.
I can't walk, and chew gum, either.

[Baronkrak]

Originally Posted by newhaul

...
This peer reviewed study seems to back my position as well .
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.917719

A bit dated.

“Permafrost’s “point of no return” comes when the summer thaw can no longer be compensated for by the freezing in the winter and only a significant change in climate would restore the original conditions.
Winter’s cold can no longer penetrate deep enough, and the ice contained in the ground is melting faster and faster, Hauck explains. Permafrost, he believes, has already reached a tipping point, or is close to doing so, in many parts of the Alps."

https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/climate...earch/87458699

[GordMay]

Originally Posted by GordMay

The 10 warmest years, in the historical record, have all occurred in the past decade [2014-2023]...

... 2023 was the warmest year, since global records began, in 1850, by a wide margin...

This year [2024] is almost certain, surpass 2023, as the warmest year on record. This is true, even if the last six months, in 2024, are below the records, set in 2023...

NO - it's not cooling.

Copernicus: 2024 virtually certain to be the warmest year and first year above 1.5°C
➥ https://climate.copernicus.eu/copern...r-above-15degc

For the second year in a row, Earth will almost certainly be the hottest it's ever been, according to the European climate agency Copernicus.
For the first time, the globe this year reached more than 1.5 degrees Celsius [2.7 °F] of warming, compared to the pre-industrial average [likely that it will be more than 1.55°C above].

Carlo Buontempo, director of Copernicus, said the data clearly shows the planet would not see such a long sequence of record-breaking temperatures without the constant increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere driving global warming.
He also cited other factors* that contribute to exceptionally warm years, like last year and this one.
They include El Nino [the temporary warming of parts of the Pacific that changes weather worldwide], as well as volcanic eruptions that spew water vapour into the air, and variations in energy from the sun.

Sea surface temperature
The average sea surface temperature (SST) for October 2024 over 60°S–60°N was 20.68°C, the second-highest value on record for the month, and only 0.10°C below October 2023.
The equatorial eastern and central Pacific had below-average temperatures, indicating a move towards La Niña conditions, but SSTs across the ocean remained unusually high over many regions.

* “Scientists look beyond climate change and El Nino for other factors that heat up Earth” by SETH BORENSTEIN
➥ https://apnews.com/article/hot-summe...2a1c7bc61a0035

See also:
“Adaptation Gap Report 2024" ~ by UNEP
➥ https://www.unep.org/resources/adapt...ap-report-2024
UPNEP called for increased funds to adapt to global heating, and its consequences. It found that the $28 billion spent worldwide, to adapt to climate change in 2022 is an all time high. But, it’s still far short of the estimated $187 to $359 billion needed every year, to deal with the heat, floods, droughts. and storms exacerbated by climate change.

[Lewis Harry]

The academic "peer review process" consists of one deluded asking six even more deluded if their paper should be considered "science."

[newhaul]

Originally Posted by Lewis Harry

The academic "peer review process" consists of one deluded asking six even more deluded if their paper should be considered "science."

Actually many times the peers are actually the ones that the writer is the thesis advisor to the ones giving the reviews

[GordMay]

Originally Posted by newhaul

Actually many times the peers are actually the ones that the writer is the thesis advisor to the ones giving the reviews

Never!
How peer reviewers are chosen varies from journal to journal; but they’re never an author’s student, co-author [on other papers], or even [usually] colleagues [at same university].
The peer reviewers are always other research scholars in the specific field. Writing peer reviews, in fact, is one of the things that professors do [along with book reviews, publications, etc.] as part of their “service to the discipline,” that counts toward tenure and renewal.

There are four main types of peer review, in common use:

Single-blind: the reviewers know the names of the authors, but the authors do not know who reviewed their manuscript, unless the reviewer chooses to sign their report.

Double-blind: the reviewers do not know the names of the authors, and the authors do not know who reviewed their manuscript.

Open peer: authors know who the reviewers are, and the reviewers know who the authors are. If the manuscript is accepted, the named reviewer reports are published alongside the article, and the authors’ response to the reviewer.

Transparent peer: the reviewers know the names of the authors, but the authors do not know who reviewed their manuscript, unless the reviewer chooses to sign their report. If the manuscript is accepted, the anonymous reviewer reports are published, alongside the article, and the authors’ response to the reviewer.

Different journals use different types of peer review. You can find out which peer-review system is used, by a particular journal, in the journal’s ‘About’ page.