The Proxigean Tide occurs when the Moon is at its closest point in its orbit to the Earth and in its New or Full Moon phase. At these times, its tidal effect on the Earth is maximum. Tidal gravitational forces vary as the third power of the distance between Earth and Moon, so even a small difference in distance can translate into a big effect. The orbit of the moon varies from a distance of 356,500 to 406,700 kilometers with an average distance near 380,000 kilometers. The variation between the maximum and minimum distances results in tidal force changes of a factor of 1.2 times the average tidal forces.
The tidal influence is greatest during a New Moon, because both the Sun and the Moon are on the same side of the Earth.
Here is a partial list of some of the most extreme Proxigean Tides, based on the time between perigee (closest to Earth) and syzygy (either sun-Earth-moon, which is a full moon, or a new moon alignment of sun-moon-Earth) being less than 5 hours.
Date - Moon Phase
1/30/2010 - Full
3/19/2011 - Full
5/6/2012 - Full
6/23/2013 - - Full
8/10/2014 - Full
9/28/2015 - Full
11/14/2016 - Full
5/25/2017 - New
1/2/2018 - Full
7/13/2018 - New
8/30/2019 - New
10/16/2020 - New
12/4/2021 - New 1/21/2023 - New
Lunar Perigee and Apogee Calculator:
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http://www.fourmilab.ch/earthview/pacalc.html